Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among Nigerian men, but it is one of the most misunderstood and underdiagnosed diseases in the country. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Nigeria records thousands of new cases each year many of which are detected too late for effective treatment. The good news? Early detection saves lives.
Every Nigerian man deserves access to timely screening, affordable healthcare, and accurate information to protect his health and family.
Understanding the Prostate and Its Function
The prostate is a small gland located just below the bladder, responsible for producing semen. As men age, the prostate naturally enlarges, but in some cases, cells within the gland begin to grow abnormally, leading to prostate cancer. It is a slow-growing cancer in many cases, meaning early detection can make treatment simpler and more effective. However, when ignored, it can spread quickly to other parts of the body especially the bones.
How Common Is Prostate Cancer in Nigeria?
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among Nigerian men, accounting for up to 30% of male cancers.
Experts believe these high numbers are due to low screening rates, limited awareness, and cultural reluctance to seek medical help. Many men only present at hospitals when symptoms are severe often when the disease is already advanced.
Risk Factors Every Man Should Know
Certain factors increase the risk of developing prostate cancer:
- Persistent sadness or mood changes
- Age: Risk rises significantly after age 40.
- Family history: Having a father or brother with prostate cancer doubles the risk.
- Diet: Diets high in red meat, processed foods, or low in fruits and vegetables increase risk.
- Ethnicity: Black men, including Nigerians, face a higher risk than men of other races.
- Obesity and inactivity: Both can influence hormone levels and increase risk.
Even without symptoms, men over 40 must undergo annual prostate screening to ensure it is caught early if at all.
Warning Signs and Symptoms
In its early stages, prostate cancer often shows no symptoms which is why regular screening is crucial. As the disease progresses, one may experience:
- Difficulty urinating or weak urine flow
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Blood in urine or semen
- Pain in the back, hips, or pelvis
- Erectile dysfunction
These symptoms do not always mean cancer, but they should never be ignored.
Screening and Early Detection: The PSA Test
The primary screening method for prostate cancer is the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test. It measures the level of PSA a protein produced by the prostate in the blood. Elevated PSA levels may suggest prostate issues, though not always cancer.
Doctors may also recommend:
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): to check for irregularities in the prostate.
- Ultrasound or biopsy: for confirmation if results are suspicious.
At Bastion HMO, our preventive health plans make prostate screening affordable and accessible across partner hospitals in Nigeria. They are completely FREE for many of our enrollees above 40 on select corporate and individual plans.
Prevention: What You Can Do to Lower Your Risk
While some risk factors like age or genetics cannot be changed, lifestyle choices play a big role in prevention.
Here is what helps:
- Eat a balanced diet rich in tomatoes, leafy greens, and high-fibre foods.
- Stay active regular exercise boosts hormone balance and immunity.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol.
- Get regular checkups at least once a year after age 40.
Prostate cancer detected early has over a 90% survival rate, making routine screening one of the best decisions a man can make for his future.
The Role of Health Insurance in Cancer Prevention
Many Nigerian men delay screening due to cost. A PSA test can cost between ₦10,000 and ₦25,000, depending on the facility.
Through Bastion HMO, Nigerians can access preventive screenings, oncology consultations, and early-stage treatment support all within a health plan that fits their budget.
Encouraging Men to Speak Up and Get Screened
Cultural beliefs often discourage men from discussing health concerns, especially those related to sexual function or the prostate. But silence can be deadly.
This Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, Bastion HMO is urging every Nigerian man to:
- Schedule a prostate checkup today
- Talk openly about men’s health with friends and family.
- Join awareness campaigns to educate others
Take the step today. Book your screening. Protect your tomorrow.
